Anuria in End-Stage Renal Disease
Anuria is a clinical descriptor of extremely low urine output in severe kidney failure. Anuria is commonly defined as urine output of less than 100 mL over 24 hours. [1]
Operational Urine Output Cutoff
- Anuria is defined as a urine output of <100 mL in 24 hours. [1]
- Some clinical references classify anuria as a urine output of <50 mL/day. [2]
Relation to ESRD
In end-stage renal disease, anuria refers to urine output meeting the above cutoff(s), regardless of the underlying mechanism (e.g., minimal residual kidney function or urinary tract obstruction). [1]
Distinction From Oliguria
- Oliguria represents reduced urine output. [1]
- Anuria represents near-cessation of urine output using a lower cutoff threshold than oliguria. [1]
Documentation for Clinical Use
- Urine output should be measured as total urine volume over a 24-hour period and compared with the anuria cutoff (<100 mL/day or <50 mL/day depending on the definition used). [1], [2]
Common Clinical Contexts
Anuria is typically associated with severe acute kidney injury or advanced chronic kidney disease when residual urine production is minimal. [1], [3]