Diverticulitis Patient Explanation
Diverticulitis is inflammation of small pouches (diverticula) that can form in the lining of the colon. It causes symptoms that are often similar to a stomach or bowel infection, most commonly with pain in the lower left abdomen. [1]
How Diverticulitis Happens
Diverticula can develop in the colon over time. Diverticulitis occurs when one or more diverticula become irritated or inflamed. [1]
Common Symptoms
- Lower abdominal pain, often on the left side [1]
- Fever [1]
- Tenderness in the abdomen [1]
- Changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation [1]
- Nausea or reduced appetite [1]
How Diagnosis Is Confirmed
Diagnosis is based on the history, physical exam, and sometimes blood tests. A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis is commonly used to confirm diverticulitis and assess severity, including whether complications are present. [1]
Treatment Approach
Treatment depends on severity and complications.
Outpatient (Uncomplicated) Diverticulitis
- Many uncomplicated cases can be managed with supportive care and close follow-up. [1]
- Antibiotics are sometimes used in specific situations, depending on clinical features and risk factors. [1]
Inpatient (Complicated or Severe) Diverticulitis
- Hospital care is used when complications, significant pain, inability to take oral intake, or systemic illness is present. [1]
- Intravenous fluids and pain control are provided. [1]
- Antibiotics may be administered. [1]
- Procedures or surgery are considered for certain complications or failure to improve. [1]
Red Flags Requiring Urgent Care
- Severe or worsening abdominal pain [1]
- Persistent high fever [1]
- Vomiting with inability to keep fluids down [1]
- Signs of dehydration, such as marked weakness or dizziness [1]
- Concern for complications, such as a rigid or very tender abdomen [1]
Follow-Up and Prevention After Recovery
- Follow-up with a clinician after the acute episode is recommended to confirm recovery and plan next steps. [1]
- After recovery, prevention focuses on modifiable factors such as maintaining a healthy body weight, engaging in regular physical activity, and eating a diet that supports bowel health. [1]
Plain-Language Teaching Script (Ready to Use)
Diverticulitis happens when small pouches in the colon become inflamed. The main symptom is usually pain in the lower belly, often on the left side, and sometimes fever. A scan may be done to confirm the diagnosis and check for complications. Treatment depends on severity, with mild cases sometimes managed without admission and more severe cases requiring hospital care.